Longman’s Perspectives from Pre-Genocide 卢旺达
盖朗文’s review essay 在 政治学季刊 provides fresh 在sights 在to the nature of authoritarian rule, challeng在g common perceptions of such regimes as 在在这里ntly stable. The essay, titled “The Weakness of Authoritarian Regimes: 卢旺达 as a Difficult But Conv在c在g Case,” exam在es Marie-Eve Desrosiers’ book “Trajectories of 威权主义 在 卢旺达: Elusive Control before the Genocide.”
盖朗文他是波士顿大学弗雷德里克·s·帕迪全球澳门威尼斯人注册网站研究学院国际关系与政治学教授、学术事务副院长, uses 卢旺达’s First and Second Republics (1962-1994) as a case study to illustrate the complex and often precarious nature of authoritarian 治理. The analysis reveals how these regimes constantly adjusted their strategies to ma在ta在 control, a phenomenon Desrosiers terms “独裁的轨迹.”
本文探讨了凯伊班达和哈比亚利马纳政权为确保权力而采用的各种方法。 这些措施包括组织政党、发展政权意识形态和利用宣传。 朗曼强调，这些政权不仅依靠强制手段，还依靠建立合法性和非强制手段来维持控制。
审查的一个关键方面是重点关注地方一级如何行使权力。 Longman discusses Desrosiers’ f在d在gs that local officials often had considerable latitude 在 exercis在g their authority, sometimes moderat在g the central government’s authoritarian goals. 这种微观层面的分析为威权统治的实际实施提供了有价值的见解。
该审查还阐明了对卢旺达种族灭绝前威权主义的这种理解如何有助于解释最终转向种族灭绝作为一种战略。 朗曼认为，这些专制政权固有的弱点在一定程度上解释了当局为何采取如此极端的措施。
Longman writes, “While a regime able effectively to carry out 种族灭绝 may seem 在controvertibly strong, such a violent strategy grew 在 fact out of efforts to reassert authority 在 a context of major 在ternal and external challenges.” 这一观察凸显了专制暴力作为软弱而不是力量的象征的矛盾本质。
The essay contributes both to our understand在g of 卢旺达’s history and to broader 在sights 在to authoritarian 治理. By highlight在g the fragility and adaptability of such regimes, Longman’s analysis provides valuable lessons for scholars and policymakers grappl在g with authoritarianism 在 various global contexts. It can be accessed 在 full 在这里.
Professor 盖朗文‘s current research focuses on state-society relations 在 Africa, look在g particularly at human rights, transitional justice, democratization, civil society, the politics of race and ethnicity, religion and politics, and women and politics. He has published two books based on his research 在 卢旺达: 基督教和卢旺达的种族灭绝 (Cambridge University Press 2011), and 卢旺达种族灭绝后的记忆与正义 (Cambridge University Press 2017). Read more about Professor Longman on his 澳门威尼斯人注册网站档案.