Cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder: Bio-psycho-social perspective

Bipolar disorder affects >1% of the global population, and it causes cognitive impairment, functional disability, and death by suicide. Bipolar disorder is also characterized by recurring manic and depressive episodes. In individuals with bipolar disorder, not only mood symptoms but also cognitive impairment affects quality of life, even during euthymic phases and in the case of young people. Cognitive impairment also correlates with illness awareness, social function, suicidal ideation, etc. Therefore, recently, cognitive dysfunction has become considered to be a treatment target.