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Archive: Volume 19, 2025
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- Advances in design and development of ophthalmic drugs (9)
- Advances in p53 Drug Discovery (3)
The Toxicity of Dimethyl Sulfoxide Combined with the Alkylating Agent MNU on Mice: Focusing on Mortality and Activity Impairment
Yan W, He Q, Xiao L, Xia Y, Zheng X, Zhang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5727-5737
Published Date: 5 July 2025
Significant Predictors of Azithromycin in Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis: A Systematic Review
Zhang R, Fang Y, Wang Y, Fan J, Yin W, Fan W, Yu Y, Lin B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5709-5725
Published Date: 4 July 2025
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovations in Oncology Drug Discovery: Transforming Traditional Pipelines and Enhancing Drug Design
Albani FG, Alghamdi SS, Almutairi MM, Alqahtani T
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5685-5707
Published Date: 3 July 2025
Ternary Solid Dispersions as an Alternative Approach to Enhance Pharmacological Activity
Amaliah S, Aulifa DL, Gazzali AM, Budiman A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5663-5684
Published Date: 3 July 2025
Alfentanil Enhanced the Sedation of Remimazolam During Anaesthesia Induction in Patients Undergoing Urological Day Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Lin Y, Chen Q, Liao Y, Xu B, Zhang C, Luo J, Liu S, Wu X, Guan X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5653-5662
Published Date: 3 July 2025
Semaglutide Therapy and Accelerated Sarcopenia in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A 24-Month Retrospective Cohort Study
Ren Q, Zhi L, Liu H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5645-5652
Published Date: 3 July 2025
Trends in Antihypertensive Drug Use and Irrational Prescriptions Among Elderly Patients in China (2016–2023): A Nationwide Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Hong D, Chen W, Du S, Ren J, Lv D, Shan W, Lu X, Zhao Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5633-5644
Published Date: 2 July 2025
“An Effective Solution to Accelerate the Healing of Complex Ulcers Using Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (Intralesional Application): A Review”
Cacua Sánchez MT, Carillo Bravo CA
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5615-5631
Published Date: 1 July 2025
Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Diminished Ovarian Reserve: Mechanisms and Clinical Insights
Liu Y, Wei M, Deng Y, Fan Y, Zheng Y, Ni Z, Lin J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5597-5614
Published Date: 1 July 2025
Mechanistic Insights into Flavonoid Subclasses as Cardioprotective Agents Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review
Shang W, Li XH, Zeng LH, Li Z, Hu Y, Wen HM, Cao FJ, Wan GX
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5553-5596
Published Date: 1 July 2025
A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Nifuroxazide in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
AlRasheed HA, Abdallah MS, El-Khateeb E, Kamal M, Alrubia S, Alsegiani AS, Ahmed TI, Bahaa MM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5539-5552
Published Date: 30 June 2025
Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Artemisinin and Its Derivatives in Cancer
Feng J, He Y, Bai T, You Q, Zhu H, Jia C, Liu B, Li S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5517-5538
Published Date: 30 June 2025
Dose-Dependent Effects of Remimazolam on Early Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery
Liu Z, Zhang X, Wang X, Liu Z, Pang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5507-5516
Published Date: 30 June 2025
Cardioprotection Through Pharmacological Activation of Sirtuin 5 in a Murine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Castiello C, Efentakis P, Nikolaou PE, Symeonidi L, Chania C, Barla I, Akrani I, Kostomitsopoulos N, Gikas E, Thomaidis NS, Mikros E, Kleinbongard P, Fioravanti R, Zwergel C, Valente S, Mai A, Andreadou I
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5489-5505
Published Date: 27 June 2025
Alisol Triterpenoids Exhibit Triple Modulatory Mechanisms on the Cell Membrane to Overcome Cancer Multidrug Resistance
Chen JY, Chang YT, Ho YC, Teng YN
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5471-5488
Published Date: 26 June 2025
A Comparison of in-vitro Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Branded and Its Locally Produced Cefuroxime Sodium Against Staphylococcus and Escherichia Escherichia coli
Du M, Sun T, Wang X, Chi X, Xiao Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5461-5470
Published Date: 25 June 2025
Clinical Use of Fospropofol Disodium: Evaluation of Pharmacology, Safety, and Efficacy
Zou C, Chen H, Qiu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5453-5460
Published Date: 26 June 2025
Uncovering the Efficacy and Mechanism of Zhenwu Decoction for Hypothyroidism Based on Non-Targeted Metabolomics
Wang Y, Li Y, Tang M, Zhang L, Zhu S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5431-5451
Published Date: 25 June 2025
Overview and Prospects of the Clinical Application of Oliceridine
Yi K, Sun W, Yu W, Chen S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5415-5430
Published Date: 26 June 2025
Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin and Novel Formulations in Psoriasis Treatment: Evidence and Future Prospects
Kantasa T, Yeerong K, Klinjan P, Na Takuathung M, Settakorn K, Chuamanochan M, Tovanabutra N, Ampasavate C, Koonrungsesomboon N
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5387-5414
Published Date: 25 June 2025
Ciprofol Versus Propofol for Sedation in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in a Chinese Population
Yang H, Lai P, Qin X, Cui Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Ding Y, Ye E, Wu Y, Ren B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5369-5385
Published Date: 25 June 2025
Comprehensive Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia Using Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Review Based on Pathophysiological Perspectives
Fan M, Pan X, Liu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5349-5367
Published Date: 24 June 2025
Therapeutic Effect of Brucea Javanica Oil Emulsion in Mice with Irinotecan-Induced Delayed Diarrhea
Lai Z, Zhang Y, Hu X, Chen L, Huang W, Wang J, Chen B, Ren M, Yang B, Su Z, Chen J, Xie J, Lai Z, Xie Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5329-5347
Published Date: 24 June 2025
Levofloxacin–Niflumate Salt Development as a Strategy for Improving Physicochemical Properties and Modulating Antibiotic Potency and Anti-Inflammatory Performance
Nugrahani I, Uekusa H, Hori T, Wu Y, Wibowo MS, Garmana AN, Panjaitan FE
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5311-5328
Published Date: 19 June 2025
Network Pharmacology Approach to Unveiling the Mechanism of Wolfberry Mulberry Raspberry Decoction in the Treatment of Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction
Zhang Q, Wen L, Li J, Liu P, Sun X, Liu Q, Chen X, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5293-5310
Published Date: 20 June 2025
Dose-Response Analysis of Nalbuphine for Alleviating Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort After Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy in Men: A Retrospective Study
Tang J, Ni H, Yao M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5283-5292
Published Date: 19 June 2025
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamic, Safety and Tolerability of Fazamorexant, a Novel Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist: Report of the First-in-Human Study
Ni J, Jin L, Zhao D, Zhang W, Li B, Huang X, Hao X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5271-5282
Published Date: 19 June 2025
Glycolytic Dysfunction in Granulosa Cells and Its Contribution to Metabolic Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Cao Z, Zhou Q, An J, Guo X, Jia X, Qiu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5255-5270
Published Date: 18 June 2025

Opioid-Free Anesthesia Improved the Quality of Recovery After Thyroidectomy Through Pre-Emptive and Preventive Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zhang Y, Xian X, Wang F, Zhou B, Wang Y, Wang P, Li Y, Wu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5243-5254
Published Date: 19 June 2025
Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol Alone versus Ciprofol with Fentanyl for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
Liu L, Li F, Wei Y, Luo L, Shen L, Li J, Sun N, Qian B, Sun D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5231-5241
Published Date: 18 June 2025
Multi-Target Mechanism of Compound Qingdai Capsule for Treatment of Psoriasis: Multi-Omics Analysis and Experimental Verification
Qiao Y, Li C, Chen C, Wu P, Yang Y, Xie M, Liu N, Gu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5209-5230
Published Date: 18 June 2025
Cumulative Live Birth Rates in Women Undergoing Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Using Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Dydrogesterone, and Progesterone: A Retrospective Analysis
Wu F, Lin J, Zhang J, Wang X, Huang J, Lin J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5193-5207
Published Date: 18 June 2025
Traditional Chinese Medicines as Anticancer Agents for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with EGFR Mutations: A Review
Wang Z, Zhong Z, Yang W, Li Y, Zhang K, Gong Y, Jiao L, Xu L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5169-5191
Published Date: 18 June 2025
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Nitroxide Radical Derivatives Based on Rhein as Potential Anti-Aging Agents Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway
Wang J, Peng X, Zhang X, Lin J, Zhang Q, Li J, Cui L, Zhao L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5153-5167
Published Date: 19 June 2025
Effects of Prophylactic Infusion of Equivalent Doses of Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine in Preventing Spinal Anesthesia-Induced Hypotension During Cesarean Delivery on Fetal and Maternal Outcomes: A Dual-Center, Non-Inferiority Controlled Trial
Mao J, Lin K, Liu X, Liu J, Liang G, Sheng Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5143-5152
Published Date: 17 June 2025
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of FSGTC for Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Study Combining Nested Case Analysis, Network Pharmacology, and Experimental Validation
He M, Liu J, Gao W, Sun Y, Chen X, Fang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5123-5141
Published Date: 17 June 2025
A Comparative Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Oliceridine and Sufentanil in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial
Ma B, Li Y, Leng C, Ji A, Zhang N, Tao X, Cao Q, Wang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5111-5121
Published Date: 17 June 2025
Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Remimazolam in General Anesthesia Patients
Chen Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang XF, Peng Y, Jiao Z, Wu JX
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5099-5109
Published Date: 16 June 2025
Discovery of Novel Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Peptides Using a Machine Learning and Molecular Docking Approach
Xiao W, Chen LZ, Chang J, Xiao YW
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5085-5098
Published Date: 14 June 2025
Edaravone in Digestive Diseases – A Narrative Review
Lei H, Wang M, Huang M, Fu X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5071-5084
Published Date: 12 June 2025
Efficacy and Safety of Letermovir for Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Patients
Zhu Y, Wang L, Xiang Y, Wang Y, Zhang A, Wang Y, Yin M, Dun J, Xu Y, Hu Q, Yu W, Liu A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5059-5069
Published Date: 12 June 2025
Drug Interaction Potential of Berberine Hydrochloride When Co-Administered with Tofacitinib and Filgotinib in Rats
Wang J, Lu S, Zhang C, Wang J, Wu H, Li G
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5043-5057
Published Date: 10 June 2025
Effective Dose of Oliceridine Fumarate Co-Administered with Remimazolam in Suppressing Gastroscope Insertion Responses for Adults
Yang W, Zhou R, Zhou X, Chen X, Zhou D, Zhang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5033-5041
Published Date: 10 June 2025
Homeopathy for Heteropathy: FSS and Its Components for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Endometriosis
Yu Y, Sun T, Zhang J, Wu S, Tong X, Zhao F, Fu X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5009-5032
Published Date: 10 June 2025
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of HRS-1780 in Renal Impaired Subjects: A Multicenter, Non-Randomized, Open-Label Study [Corrigendum]
Fei Y, Xie Z, Luo Y, Yong X, Li N, Huang R, Du X, Zhu Y, Lan D, Qi Y, Cheng G, Wang Q, Shen K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:5007-5008
Published Date: 9 June 2025
Feasibility and Safety of Anlotinib Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Previously Immunotherapy-Treated Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Exploratory Study
Chen TF, Li ZJ, Zhao HS, Yang R
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4991-5005
Published Date: 9 June 2025
Oxycodone vs the Combination of Fentanyl and Remifentanil for General Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Uterine Myomas Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study
Xu X, Zhang H, Li J, Zhou L, Zhu S, Bao F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4979-4990
Published Date: 9 June 2025
Impact of Fungal Co-Infection on Teicoplanin Plasma Trough Concentration in Critically Ill Adults: A Novel Consideration for Dose Adjustment
Cheng L, Wang L, You X, Xiong L, Dai Q, Wang Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4967-4977
Published Date: 9 June 2025
Development and Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS Detection Method of Baricitinib for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in COVID-19 Patients
Zhan R, Shen Y, Fu H, Wu H, Chen X, Yu Y, Xu RA
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4957-4966
Published Date: 9 June 2025
Development of an Early-Warning Model for Predicting the Capecitabine-Induced Diarrhea
Liu Z, Qiu S, Xu Y, Wang X, Sun J, Cui L, Ye L, Liang Z, Gao S, Chen W, Wang Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4945-4956
Published Date: 7 June 2025
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Oxycodone/Naloxone Prolonged-Release Tablets in Chinese Patients with Chronic Pain
He Y, Yang L, Mou Q, Cao X, Zhu X, Wang Y, Luo Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4933-4944
Published Date: 7 June 2025
A Review of the Mechanisms of Astragaloside IV and Berberine in Vascular Dysfunction Associated with Obesity and Diabetes
Li Y, Ma Y, Yao L, Li J, Zhou X, Wang M, Gui M, Li D, Chen X, Dong Y, Lu B, Fu D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4911-4932
Published Date: 7 June 2025
Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Rich Compounds in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Xia Y, Liang C, Luo H, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4895-4910
Published Date: 6 June 2025
Effect of High Maintenance Dose Versus Low Dose of Remifentanil on Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) in Patients Under Gynecological Laparoscopic Procedure: A Pilot Study
Liu ZY, Yang XY, Lv C, Ye L, Chen JJ, Chen XY, Wang SP, Wu L, Zhang WQ, Lu M, Guo XW
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4885-4894
Published Date: 7 June 2025
Febuxostat Improves Postprandial Glucose Regulation and Insulin Sensitivity in Hyperuricemic Individuals with Prediabetes or Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study
Liu S, Liu Q, Gu R, Wu M, Meng S, Yan L, Chen Q, Zhu C, Chen S, Xu B, Liu F, Chen H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4875-4884
Published Date: 5 June 2025
Analysis of Menopausal Hormone Therapy to Chinese Patients with Menopausal Syndrome: A Real-World Retrospective Study from Chinese Hospitals
Zhu Z, Shi A, Liu L, Jin G, Wang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4861-4873
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Jingfang Granules for Diabetic Wound Healing: Insights from Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Wang R, Wang Q, Liu M, Xiao H, Zhang G, Yao J, Liu M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4835-4860
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Exploring the Mechanism of 2ʹ-Hydroxychalcone Improving Copper Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish Through Network Pharmacology
Shen Y, Yao YD, Li H, Zhang Q, Wang CL, Hu L, Hu YC, Chen MH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4809-4834
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ferroptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Potential Therapeutic Approach
Xu H, Lu J, Tang X, Li P, Wu L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4789-4808
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics with Enterohepatic Recirculation of Co-Medication of Rosuvastatin and Ezetimibe
An H, Shin D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4777-4787
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Sheng-Jiang Powder Alleviates Th17/Treg Immune Imbalance of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Regulating the Fatty Acids Metabolism
Wu L, Xu H, Xia H, Peng L, Qin L, Gong Q, Zhao M, Wu Z, Zhao Y, Zheng Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4755-4776
Published Date: 3 June 2025
SNAr Reactive Pyrazine Derivatives as p53-Y220C Cleft Binders with Diverse Binding Modes
Klett T, Stahlecker J, Schwer M, Jaag SJ, Masberg B, Knappe C, Lämmerhofer M, Stehle T, Boeckler FM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4727-4753
Published Date: 3 June 2025
Comparing Liposomal Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine in Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Thoracoscopic Lobectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zhang Y, Li W, Wei A, Chen S, Wang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4717-4726
Published Date: 4 June 2025
Lobetyolin Suppressed Osteoclastogenesis and Alleviated Bone Loss in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis via Hindering p50/p65 Nuclear Translocation and Downstream NFATc1/c-Fos Expression
Xiu C, Luo H, Huang W, Fan S, Yuan C, Chen J, Xu C, Yao C, Hong D, Zhang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4689-4715
Published Date: 3 June 2025
Integration of Network Pharmacology, Transcriptomics, and Metabolomics Strategies to Uncover the Mechanism of Chaihuang Qingfu Pill in Treating Sepsis-Induced Liver Injury
Zhang C, Chen F, Jiang Y, Deng J, Yan X, Yin X, Su B, Liu W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4665-4688
Published Date: 2 June 2025
Rhein Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Downregulation of NOX4-COX2/PGFS Signaling Pathway
Yuan X, Long L, Wang M, Chen W, Liang B, Xu L, Wang W, Li C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4641-4664
Published Date: 31 May 2025
Effect of Intraoperative Intravenous Infusion of Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Sleep Disturbance in Patients Undergoing Radical Mastectomy
Geng X, Pu Y, Hu Z, Zhang H, Wang M, Fang C, Lv G, Li W, Zhang X, Fan X, Liu S, Chen X, Wu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4629-4640
Published Date: 31 May 2025
The Efficacy of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer’s Solution and Lactate Ringer’s Solution in Patients Undergoing Long-Term Abdominal Open Surgery: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Zhou S, Zhao K, Liu C, Luo H, Shi J, Liu C, Li X, Gao F, Wu X, Shen Q, Yuan W, Chai X, Wei X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4617-4628
Published Date: 1 June 2025
The Influence of Age on the Effective Dosage of Intravenous Remimazolam for the Relief of Preoperative Anxiety in Pediatric Patients at Median and 95% Effective Doses: A Prospective Study
Chen Y, Zhang W, Ma J, Liu W, Song X, Chen X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4605-4615
Published Date: 1 June 2025
Mechanistic Exploration of Shugan Jianpi Formula for Treating Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Under Chronic Stress: A Network Pharmacology-Guided Experimental Study
Liu F, Li L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Tian X, Zhang D, Zhang N, Yan T, Shi S, Wu J, Jiang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4585-4603
Published Date: 31 May 2025
Dolutegravir Derivatives Alleviate LPS-Induced Microglial Inflammation by Suppressing STAT1/3 Nuclear Translocation
Wang L, Zhang X, Wang Y, Mao L, Hou X, Peng L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4567-4584
Published Date: 30 May 2025
Mechanisms of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium-Zingiberis Rhizoma in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Gu Q, Duan S, Tibenda JJ, Gou B, Huang S, Chen G, Ning N, Du Y, Liu W, Nan Y, Yuan L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4537-4566
Published Date: 30 May 2025

Effects of Remimazolam Tosilate Combined with Esketamine on Anesthetic Efficacy and Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study
Yu X, Xu X, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4527-4535
Published Date: 30 May 2025
Effects of Preoperative Magnesium Sulphate Infusion on Emergence Agitation and Postoperative Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Lobectomy
Pu Y, Geng X, Wang M, Lv G, Hu Z, Fang C, Zhang X, Li W, Fan X, Chen X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4517-4525
Published Date: 29 May 2025
Explainable Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Drug Research
Ding Q, Yao R, Bai Y, Da L, Wang Y, Xiang R, Jiang X, Zhai F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4501-4516
Published Date: 29 May 2025
A Novel Flavonoid Derivative of Icariside II (YS-10) Improves Erectile Dysfunction in a Diabetic Rat Model by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 Pathway
Liu Y, Liu GN, Zha YR, Pan CL, Xu YD, Li HW, Zang YY, Wang WQ, Yao JJ, Sun JT, Yang Y, Wei ZT
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4481-4500
Published Date: 28 May 2025
Design and Synthesis of Novel 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydropyrido[2,3-D]pyrimidine Derivatives as VCP/p97 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Wang X, Long Z, Wen T, Miao H, Ye X, Lei M, Zhu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4457-4479
Published Date: 27 May 2025
Synthesis, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Hydrazones Derived from 2-Hydrazinobenzimidazole
Al-Saleem MSM, Mohamed Ahmed MS, Riyadh SM, Alruwaili AH, Zaki MEA, Gomha SM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4437-4456
Published Date: 27 May 2025
Comparison of Esketamine/Propofol and Sufentanil/Propofol on Intraoperative Hypoxemia During Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Trial
Huang X, Li X, Sun Y, Wu A, Ai P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4429-4436
Published Date: 27 May 2025
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge-Fritillaria Cirrhosae Bulbus Herb Pair Alleviates Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma by Regulating Arachidonic Acid Pathway
Tian X, Cui Q, Wei J, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Yang M, Xing Y, Niu Y, Li W, Wang N, Jin Y, Du Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4407-4427
Published Date: 27 May 2025
The Follicular Output Rate was Improved with 3-Day Letrozole Administration Compared with 5-Day Letrozole Administration Under Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation
Wang X, Tian J, Tian L, Chen X, Zhang Z, Diao H, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4397-4406
Published Date: 27 May 2025
Simultaneous Determination of Unbound Plasma Concentration of Methotrexate and 7-Hydroxymethotrexate in Children Patients Receiving High-Dose Methotrexate Therapy
Dong WC, Gao SS, Shi B, Li HR, Jiang Y, Guo JL, Zhang ZQ, Zhang YZ
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4383-4396
Published Date: 26 May 2025
Comparison of the Dural Puncture Epidural and Conventional Epidural Analgesia Maintained Using Programmed Epidural Boluses for Labor Analgesia
Mo X, Yu J, Qin Z, Ma J, Chen Y, Chen X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4373-4382
Published Date: 26 May 2025
Research Trends and Developments in Nanomaterials for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Jia X, He L, Chang Y, Li J, Wang J, Zhang X, Guo J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4355-4371
Published Date: 27 May 2025

Population Pharmacokinetics of Tranexamic Acid in Chinese Population Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Liu Y, Zhou C, Lv H, Tian L, Jiang J, Shi J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4343-4353
Published Date: 26 May 2025
Mechanism of Action and Efficacy of Wu-Hua-Yan-Xiao in the Treatment of Pediatric Acute Pharyngitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Zhang X, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Luo J, Shen Z, Liang H, Zeng Y, Liu W, Zheng C, Li J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4321-4342
Published Date: 24 May 2025
Dasatinib Dose Optimization Based on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Cheng F, Cui Z, Li Q, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4311-4320
Published Date: 23 May 2025
Semaglutide Alleviates Ovarian Oxidative Stress and Autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Mice with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Guo S, Li X, Liu M, Feng M, Wang X, Xue H, Zhang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4297-4310
Published Date: 23 May 2025
Olive Oil Solution of Volatile Oil from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride Alleviates Slow-Transit Constipation via Regulating SCF/c-Kit Signaling Pathway and Intestinal Flora
Zou S, Xie B, An Z, Li F, Cui L, Zhang Z, Bu W, He D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4275-4295
Published Date: 22 May 2025
Dexmedetomidine Cannot Attenuate Liver Injury and Improve Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Living Donor Hepatectomy: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Cui LL, Zhang L, Liu S, Zhu Q, Xue FS
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4263-4274
Published Date: 22 May 2025
Bibliometrics Analysis and Knowledge Mapping of Fragment-Based Drug Design Research: Trends from 2015 to 2024
He C, Zhang J, Zhang R, Liu L, Luo J, Zhang W, Fang B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4245-4262
Published Date: 22 May 2025

Zuogui Pill Promotes Neurovascular Regeneration and Corticospinal Tract Remodeling After Ischemic Stroke


Wu D, Yan X, Mei S, Hua H, Fei X, Xu X, Liu Y, Wu M, Zhu J, Li W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4221-4243
Published Date: 21 May 2025
Visual Research of Global Orphan Drug from a Bibliometric Perspective
Wen X, Jin G, Wu C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4201-4220
Published Date: 20 May 2025
PCOS and Inositols – Advances and Lessons We are Learning. A Narrative Review
Lentini G, Querqui A, Monti N, Bizzarri M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4183-4199
Published Date: 21 May 2025
Quality by Design Formulation Approach for the Development of Orodispersible Tablets of Dexlansoprazole
Ali AT, Nasir F, Hidayatullah T, Pervez S, Rabqa Zainab S, Gohar S, Ur Rahman A, Khattak MA, Alasmari F, Neau SH, Maryam GE
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4163-4181
Published Date: 21 May 2025


Minimum Effective Concentration of Ropivacaine for Ultrasound-Guided RISS Block in VATS: A Biased Coin Design Approach


Li P, Yang Z, Zhang L, Wu R, Zhu M, Xie J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4151-4161
Published Date: 20 May 2025
Effects of Esketamine Versus Remifentanil on Hemodynamics and Prognosis in Patients with Septic Shock Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Li Y, Li H, Zhang F, Chen Y, Zhang D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4139-4149
Published Date: 21 May 2025
Potential of Sivelestat for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Treatment: Network Pharmacology-Based Target Identification and Mechanistic Exploration
Deng X, Qiu P, Li X, Hu Y, Que Q, Zhang K, Deng T, Liu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4123-4138
Published Date: 20 May 2025
ITGA4 Contributes to 5-Fluorouracil Resistance by Up-Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling: Evidence from Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Verification
Yan S, Hu X, Wu Y, Ye W, Zhu Y, He Y, Zhan F, Wu W, Ma Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4105-4122
Published Date: 20 May 2025
Noninferiority of 0.25% versus 0.375% Ropivacaine in Popliteal Sciatic and Saphenous Nerve Blocks for Analgesia After Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Randomized Self-Paired Noninferiority Trial
Wu L, Xi C, Lei G, Li H, Yin Y, Wan M, Wu H, Wang Y, Hu C, Wang G
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4093-4104
Published Date: 19 May 2025
Exploring the Potential of Pyridine Carboxylic Acid Isomers to Discover New Enzyme Inhibitors
Yaqoob S, Khan FA, Tanveer N, Ali S, Hameed A, El-Seedi H, Jiang ZH, Wang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4039-4091
Published Date: 20 May 2025
A Real-Time Plasma Concentration Prediction Model for Voriconazole in Elderly Patients via Machine Learning Combined with Population Pharmacokinetics
Liu R, Ma P, Chen D, Yu M, Xie L, Zhao L, Huang Y, Shang S, Chen Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4021-4037
Published Date: 17 May 2025
The Median Effective Concentration (EC50) of Alfentanil Combined with Propofol Closed-Loop Targeted Infusion in Super-Elderly Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Sun Z, Li W, Zhong Y, Lang B, Luo Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:4011-4019
Published Date: 16 May 2025
Inhibition of Dormant Lung Cancer Cell Reactivation by Punica Granatum Peel and Dioscorea Nipponica: Involving MYC, SKP2 and p27
Hnit SST, Bi L, Xie C, Xu L, Zhong Y, Yang M, Wang Y, Dong Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3997-4010
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Yi-Fei-Tong-Bi Decoction Alleviates Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice
Du K, Wen X, Zhu J, Liang R, Wang L, Li N, Zou Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3983-3995
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Effect of Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine on Liver Function Following Microvascular Reconstruction for Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lv XL, Liu Q, Yu JP, Cai XC, Wu L, Yang JJ, Dong YC
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3971-3981
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Research Trends on Nanomaterials and Hepatocellular Carcinoma From 1999 to 2024: A Bibliometric Analysis
Liu MS, Zhong SS, Wang JK, Wang T, Zhang KH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3949-3970
Published Date: 16 May 2025
ShenQi ShenKang Granule Alleviates Chronic Kidney Disease by Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Restoring Autophagy Flux and Mitochondrial Integrity
Xia C, Zhang J, Chen H, Zhou S, Jiang W, Zheng H, Lin Z, Tan Q, Sun W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3925-3947
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Design and Evaluation of Andrographolide Analogues as SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors: Molecular Modeling and in vitro Studies
Suriya U, Intamalee P, Saeeng R, Wilasluck P, Deetanya P, Wangkanont K, Kanjanasirirat P, Wongwitayasombat C, Nutho B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3907-3924
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Huashi Jiedu Decoction Enhances 5-Fluorouracil Efficacy in Gastric Cancer via miRNA-21-3p/p53 Pathway
Hong Q, Lin W, Yan Y, Chen S, Li J, Yu J, Zhu Y, Qiu S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3883-3906
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Biochemical and Molecular Studies on the Role of Celecoxib and Some Related Bipyrazoles in Mitigating Induced Liver Injury in Experimental Animals
Marei M, El-Nikhely N, Sheta E, Ragab H, Wahid A, Saeed H, Rostom SAF
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3857-3882
Published Date: 15 May 2025
Computational and Experimental Investigation of Antidiabetic Drugs on Tofacitinib Metabolism: Molecular Docking, in vitro, and in vivo Studies
Zhou J, Zhang Q, Guan J, Peng X, Lu Z, Zhou Q, Mamun AA, Wang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3845-3856
Published Date: 13 May 2025
Enhancing Cartilage Repair in Osteoarthritis Using Platelet Lysates and Arthroscopic Microfracture
Zhang H, Li D, Zheng W, Hua J, Chen Z, Xu W, Zhu J, Wang Y, Chen X, Chen H, Guo L, Yuan Q, Zhou L, Shan L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3827-3843
Published Date: 13 May 2025
A Bibliometric Analysis of Microneedle-Mediated Drug Delivery: Trends, Hotspots, and Future Directions
Xiang W, Jiang X, Guo L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3805-3825
Published Date: 10 May 2025
Ethnobotanical Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicity of Canavalia gladiata
Qian H, Meng D, Yue L, Xu H, Feng K, Wang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3779-3803
Published Date: 9 May 2025
A Natural Compound Methylnissolin: Physicochemical Properties, Pharmacological Activities, Pharmacokinetics and Resource Development
Lin Z, Liang M, Zhang X, Cen Z, Kang F, Liang B, Lai Y, Li M, Duan T, Yang J, Liu B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3763-3777
Published Date: 8 May 2025
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of HRS-1780 in Renal Impaired Subjects: A Multicenter, Non-Randomized, Open-Label Study
Fei Y, Xie Z, Luo Y, Yong X, Li N, Huang R, Du X, Zhu Y, Lan D, Qi Y, Cheng G, Wang Q, Shen K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3751-3761
Published Date: 8 May 2025
Quantitative Proteomic Study Reveals Amygdalin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis Through Inhibiting mTOR/PDCD4/JNK Pathway in Hepatic Stellate Cells
Huang H, Ru SJ, Chen JM, Liu W, Fang SH, Liu Q, Meng Q, Liu P, Zhou H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3735-3749
Published Date: 7 May 2025
Design of Experiments Assisted Formulation Optimization and Evaluation of Efavirenz Solid Dispersion Adsorbate for Improvement in Dissolution and Flow Properties
Mujtaba MA, Rashid MA, Alhamhoom Y, Gangane P, Jagtap MJ, Akbar MJ, Wathore SA, Kaleem M, Elhassan GO, Khalid M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3715-3734
Published Date: 7 May 2025
Combined Use of Remimazolam and Ciprofol Reduces Hypoxemia and Shortens Recovery Time During Sedated Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Zou HD, Luo C, Hu ZL, Zhou P, Luo RY
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3703-3713
Published Date: 6 May 2025
Determining Opioid-Sparing Efficacy of Intraoperative Esketamine After Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery [Letter]
Chen XY, Guo YH, Xue FS
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3701-3702
Published Date: 7 May 2025
The Recovery of Ciprofol, Remimazolam and Remimazolam-Flumazenil for General Anesthesia Undergoing Fundus Surgery: A Single-Center, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study
Zhang S, Liu Y, Liu Y, Xu T
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3691-3700
Published Date: 5 May 2025
A Population Pharmacokinetics Study of Venetoclax Concomitant with Voriconazole in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Yang J, Wang H, Liu D, Cao W, Xing H, Wang P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3681-3690
Published Date: 5 May 2025
The Potential Mechanisms of Althaea rosea (Linn.) Cavan. Flower in Alleviating Tetrodotoxin Poisoning: An Integrated Metabolomics, Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Zheng R, Wu Y, Huang L, Zeng F, Huang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3657-3680
Published Date: 5 May 2025
Comparison Between Low-Dose Esketamine and Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Recovery Quality Among Patients Undergoing Humeral Trauma Surgery in Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
Chen J, Qi Y, Zhang J, Sun B, Zhang M, Meng X, Zhou M, Wang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3645-3655
Published Date: 5 May 2025
Prediction of High-Dose Methotrexate Blood Concentration in Osteosarcoma Patients Using Machine Learning
Zhao J, Dai S, He J, Liu N, Zhang B, Li S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3631-3643
Published Date: 3 May 2025
Hyodeoxycholic Acid Ameliorates Metabolic Syndrome Through Pathways of Primary Bile Acid Synthesis and Fatty Acid Degradation: Insights From a Rat Model
Chen M, Huang K, Luo W, Zhang F, Gan H, Yang Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3611-3630
Published Date: 1 May 2025
Bibliometric Analysis of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACS) in the Prevention of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Zhou F, Pang Z, Chen Z, Hu K, Luo J, Huang S, Qu Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3589-3610
Published Date: 30 April 2025
The Median Effective Dose of Ciprofol Combined with Sufentanil for Inhibiting Responses to Gastroscope Insertion in Obese Patients: A Prospective, Single-Center Study
Xue Z, Liu X, Qian W, Yang N, Pan Y, Zhou Y, Jiang W, Li F, Qian B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3577-3587
Published Date: 1 May 2025
Optimized Sampling Strategies for Isoniazid in East Asian Pediatric Populations Using Population Pharmacokinetics-Informed Approaches
Ju G, Liu X, Peng Y, Yang W, Xu N, He Q, Zhang C, Chen L, Yang N, Zhang G, Li C, Su P, Zhu X, Ouyang D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3555-3576
Published Date: 1 May 2025
Lean Six Sigma as a Management Tool Helps Standardize Antimicrobial Use in Hospital Settings
Wang Q, Han X, Zhang X, Guo L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3539-3554
Published Date: 30 April 2025
A Comprehensive Review on the Pharmacokinetics and Drug−Drug Interactions of Approved GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and a Dual GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonist
Min JS, Jo SJ, Lee S, Kim DY, Kim DH, Lee CB, Bae SK
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3509-3537
Published Date: 30 April 2025
Preclinical Investigations of a Novel PEGylated Long-Acting Human Growth Hormone
Wang J, Wang H, Wang R, Zhuang Y, Jiang C, Zhao B, Xu Z, Ma BY
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3497-3507
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Correlation Analysis of Coagulation and Platelet Parameters with Clinical Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and the Interventional Effect of Jianpi Huashi Tongluo Formula - Xinfeng Capsule: A Post Hoc Analysis Based on an Randomized Controlled Trial
Wang F, Liu J, Wang Y, Sun Y, Wen J, He M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3477-3495
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Drug Interactions of Imperatorin and Curcumin on Macitentan in vitro and in vivo
Wu H, Liu Q, Shen Y, Qi H, Zhao J, Li Q, Xia H, Xu RA, Shi L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3459-3475
Published Date: 29 April 2025

Identifying Antihepatocellular Carcinoma Compounds in Gansui Banxia Decoction Using Live Cell Adsorption
Huang J, Mao H, Wu W, Jiang S, Chen L, Ma T, Zhai C, Meng Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3437-3457
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Comparison of Remimazolam and Propofol on Post-Induction Hypotension in Elderly Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Zhou C, Wang X, Zhou M, Guo S, Qi Y, Sun J, Wang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3425-3435
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Mechanisms of Total Glucosides of Paeony in Alleviating Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury
Chen GY, Ji XY, Li Y, Zheng SS, Jin Q, Tao QW
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3407-3423
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Role of Curcumin in Chronic Liver Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Sun H, Liu T, Wang Z, Shen W, Yuan X, Xie J, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3395-3406
Published Date: 28 April 2025
Decoding TMAO in the Gut-Organ Axis: From Biomarkers and Cell Death Mechanisms to Therapeutic Horizons
Liu J, Ge P, Luo Y, Sun Z, Luo X, Li H, Pei B, Xun L, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Wen H, Liu J, Yang Q, Ma S, Chen H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3363-3393
Published Date: 29 April 2025
Procyanidin Improves Erectile Function in Rats by Inhibiting PDE5A Activity
Su Y, Shui J, Qi D, Bai J, Xu X, Huang Y, Li R, Wu Q, Wang H, Cao C, Su Z, Zhang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3351-3361
Published Date: 30 April 2025
Opioid-Free Anesthesia with Esketamine Combined with Iliac Fascia Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery
Luo LL, Xiao R, Zhang JP, Xi WF, Xu GH, Yuan H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3337-3349
Published Date: 28 April 2025
Curculigoside is a Promising Osteoprotective Agent for Osteoporosis: Review
Du J, Qin W, Wen F, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Liu W, Huang C, Feng Z, Pan Z, Gu E
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3323-3336
Published Date: 28 April 2025
Designing, Characterization, and Optimization of Nystatin Loaded Mucoadhesive Spanlastical Hard Candy Lozenges as a Treatment of Oral Candidiasis: An in-vivo Study on Rats
Hamed RR, Al-Khathami AAM, Eltayib EM, Ayed Al-Qarni RM, Hussien RA, Alshehri RF, Alhamod M, Alkhaldi B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3293-3321
Published Date: 28 April 2025

Exploring the Therapeutic and Gut Microbiota-Modulating Effects of Qingreliangxuefang on IMQ-Induced Psoriasis
Yu Z, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhu R, Fang Y, Yao Q, Fu H, Zhou A, Ma L, Shou Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3269-3291
Published Date: 28 April 2025
LianChuang ZhiXue Liquid Enema Modulates the Macrophage Polarization of Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibiting the Jagged-1/Notch1 Signaling Pathway
Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang D, Qian H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3253-3268
Published Date: 26 April 2025
Feasibility of Closed-Loop TCI Based on New EEG Baseline in the Presence of Low Dose of Esketamine: A Randomized Controlled Equivalence Trial
Li X, Li S, Xu C, He H, Shao W, Zhan S, Xu B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3237-3252
Published Date: 25 April 2025
The Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Single Subcutaneous Administration of a Novel Anti-NGF Monoclonal Antibody (AK115) in Healthy Participants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Phase I Clinical Trial
Zhang J, Fan YX, Huang Y, Guan R, Li R, Long S, Yang M, Yu B, Wang GQ, Chen P, Gong X, Li B, Xia M, He J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3225-3235
Published Date: 24 April 2025
Therapeutic Challenges of Diabetes Mellitus-Related Erectile Dysfunction and The Potential Therapeutic Role of Medicinal Plants: A Narrative Review
Wang H, Chang H, Sun D, Wang A, Yan B, Chung E
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3209-3223
Published Date: 24 April 2025
Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Levamlodipine Besylate in Smoking Patients
Li G, Guan Y, Yang Y, Xiang Q, Chen S, Shao J, Chen Y, Yu X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3193-3207
Published Date: 24 April 2025
Study on the Protective Effect of Methyl Rosmarinate on Hypoxic Mice and Their Erythrocytes
Guo Q, Yin Z, Wang R, Sun Y, Zhao A, Yao W, Li W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3179-3192
Published Date: 24 April 2025

Study of the Chemical Composition and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Shiyiwei Golden Pill Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and Network Pharmacology
Han C, Chen J, Shen C, Liang Q, An Y, Zhou C, Liu K, Xia Q, He Q, Zhang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3159-3177
Published Date: 24 April 2025
Exploring the Therapeutic Mechanism of Jianpi Zhidong Decoction on Tourette Syndrome Based on Proteomics and Network Pharmacology
Zhang N, Zhang H, Guo J, Ma Y, Bai X, Ma N, Ji X, Meng Y, Li H, Sangwanit T, Shi Y, Zhao J, Li X, Lin J, Cui X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3139-3158
Published Date: 23 April 2025
Optimal Effect-Site Concentration of Propofol for Hemodynamic Stability During Intubation with Dexmedetomidine: A Randomized Controlled Study
Gao H, Wu J, Chen Y, Wang C, Yao M, Yang Y, Miao C, Liang C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3129-3138
Published Date: 24 April 2025
Development and Validation of a Population Pharmacokinetics Model of Perampanel for Pediatric Epilepsy Patients for Optimized Dosing
Yu L, Mao F, Chen S, Liu J, Xiao J, Chen M, Luo H, Yu Z, Dai H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3119-3128
Published Date: 23 April 2025
Recombinant Hydrophobic Polypeptide MBAY Loaded Into SPION-Exosome Realizes Sustained-Release to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Zong X, Xiao S, Xia H, Guo D, Wu J, Zhuang M, Rao L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3103-3118
Published Date: 22 April 2025
Utilizing Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models to Support Rational Medication in Chinese Elderly Population
Wu X, Wang Z, Liu S, Wang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3077-3101
Published Date: 22 April 2025
Gui-Pi-Tang Defers Skeletal Muscle and Cardiac Muscle Aging by Promoting Mitochondrial Remodeling
Cai C, Wang M, Yang D, Jing C, Li Y, Xu H, Liu F, Zhao D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3059-3076
Published Date: 21 April 2025
AMPK in Intestinal Health and Disease: A Multifaceted Therapeutic Target for Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders
Yibcharoenporn C, Muanprasat C, Moonwiriyakit A, Satitsri S, Pathomthongtaweechai N
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3029-3058
Published Date: 21 April 2025
Young, Healthy, Underweight Women Require Higher Effective Doses of Propofol for Successful Gastroscope Insertion: a Dose-Finding Study Using Dixon’s Up-and-Down Method
Zhu Q, Cui L, Li X, Li Q, Wang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3017-3028
Published Date: 18 April 2025
Investigating Remedial Strategies for Missed or Delayed Dose of Sertraline in Chinese Adolescent Patients with Depressive Disorders via Population Pharmacokinetics Modeling and Simulation Approaches
Xia H, Deng G, Liang F, Zhang Z, Huang W, Guo Z, Song Q, Wen Y, Shang D, Tan Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:3001-3016
Published Date: 17 April 2025
Proteomic Analysis of Retinas in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetes: Implications of Interventional Targets for Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Pang X, Bai S, Feng Z, Zhang Y, Hu B, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2979-2999
Published Date: 17 April 2025

Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and in vitro Experiments Reveal the Role and Mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in Colorectal Cancer Treatment Through the PI3K/AKT Pathway


Sun J, Qi X, Yang C, Wang S, Jiang J, Wang L, Song J, Yu B, Sun M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2959-2977
Published Date: 16 April 2025
Potential Application of Origanum majorana Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles for Coating of Urinary Catheter
Al Rugaie O, Abdulbaqi MR, Danial AW, Mohammed HA, Alsharidah M, Tawfeek HM, Abdellatif AA
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2941-2957
Published Date: 15 April 2025
Oleanolic Acid@SPIONs Alleviates Lipid-Oxidative Stress Injury of Zebrafish Blood Vessels via Regulating the Expression of JNK and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Gao H, Liu T, Liu J, Yang L, Liu L, Cui Z, Du X, Gu Y, Huang P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2921-2940
Published Date: 15 April 2025
Single-Cell Transcriptional Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of AZD6738 in HCC Immunotherapy via EZH2 Targeting
Li RP, Wu GZ, Fang XD, Yang WW, Zhang HY, Yue HX, Zheng Y, Wang YP, Zhou YN
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2897-2920
Published Date: 14 April 2025
Comparative Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Pyrotinib Plus Capecitabine versus Trastuzumab Emtansine (T-DM1) as Second-Line Treatment for HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Han H, Wang C, Jiang F, Sun P, Liu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2885-2895
Published Date: 14 April 2025

Effect of Esketamine Compared with Sufentanil Combined with Propofol in Patients Undergoing First Trimester Surgical Abortion: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
Guan Y, Wang H, Cong X, Zhang B, Lin Y, Wang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2873-2883
Published Date: 13 April 2025
Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Biosimilar (B01711) and Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart (IDegAsp, Ryzodeg) in Healthy Chinese Adults in a Randomized, Open-Label, Single-Dose, Crossover, Phase I Study
Liu H, Cao H, Li T, Chen X, Yu H, Sun J, Yu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2863-2871
Published Date: 11 April 2025
Research Progress on the Treatment of Related Diseases With Astragalus
Zhang X, Lin B, Wang X, Fanɡ N, Wu L, Wan H, Zhou H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2845-2862
Published Date: 12 April 2025
Effect of Different Doses of Esketamine on Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery, a Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Center Clinical Study
Li T, Han L, Wu Z, Chen Y, Wang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2833-2843
Published Date: 11 April 2025
Elucidating the Differential Mechanisms of Jingui Shenqi Pill and Mingmu Dihuang Pill in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Yin-Yang Theory
Bi S, Xu Z, Yuan A, Wang Z, Liu Y, Yu B, Tian J, Liu C, Qiao L, Wang Z, Zhang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2817-2831
Published Date: 10 April 2025
Metabolism and Excretion of 8-O-Acetylharpagide in Rats and Identification of Its Potential Anti-Breast Cancer Active Metabolites
Zhao X, Su S, Zhou J, Gao J, Tang X, Wen B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2795-2815
Published Date: 10 April 2025
Antimicrobial Effects of Kelisha Capsule on Escherichia coli Induced Diarrhea in Mice
Shi G, Lu X, Wang G, Qian K, Peng X, Zhu Y, Wu J, Ke H, Chen L, Zheng Y, Yang T, Shi X, Huang P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2779-2794
Published Date: 10 April 2025
Effects of Fospropofol Disodium and Propofol on the Postoperative Recovery of Elderly Patients Who Underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study
Ding S, Wang Z, Li C, Wang G, Li J, Zhu H, He K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2767-2777
Published Date: 11 April 2025
Knowledge Mapping and Global Research Trends of Ginseng Polysaccharides: a Bibliometric Analysis with Visualizations from 1985 to 2023
Mo P, Gao B, Wang R, Huang S, Chen Q, Li M, Wu J, Zhang S, Chen J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2749-2766
Published Date: 9 April 2025
Establishing the Median and 95% Effective Doses of Oliceridine for Immediate Post-Surgical Analgesia Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Double-Blind, Sequential Dose-Finding Study
Cao X, Xiao H, Yan H, Wei Y, Wen Q, Zhang Z, Xu G, Xu B, Chen J, Li X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2737-2747
Published Date: 8 April 2025
The Mechanism of Xuanyu Tongjing Decoction Regulating NOD/NFκB Pathway to Inhibit Ectopic Tissue Inflammation to Reduce Ovarian Damage in Rats with Ovarian Endometriosis
Fan W, Zhai F, Yuan Z, Hu G, Wang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2717-2735
Published Date: 9 April 2025
The Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicines Regulate the Multi-Target Signaling Pathways of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Song Z, Bu S, Sang S, Li J, Zhang X, Song X, Ran Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2693-2715
Published Date: 9 April 2025
Huyang Yangkun Formula Enhances Ovarian Function and Delays Reproductive Aging by Influencing Hypothalamic GnRH/LH Pulse Release Through GAT-1/GABA/GABAAR2
Li Y, Peng Y, Nie G, Cheng F, Zhou Y, Liu J, Yang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2677-2691
Published Date: 9 April 2025
Effects of Multiple Intravenous Doses of Perioperative Vitamin C on Pain Management Following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Han G, Ye Y, Kang P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2667-2675
Published Date: 9 April 2025
Unveiling the Novel Anti - Tumor Potential of Digitonin, a Steroidal Saponin, in Gastric Cancer: A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Study
Lu D, Huang L, Weng C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2653-2666
Published Date: 5 April 2025
GA-LDV: A Promising Derivative of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid with Enhanced in vitro and in vivo Anti-Cancer Properties
Zheng J, Feng Q, Gao Q, Wang Y, Zhao S, Zhang X, Zhao M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2641-2652
Published Date: 4 April 2025
New Drug Approvals in China: An International Comparative Analysis, 2019-2023
Yan Y, Guo X, Li Z, Shi W, Long M, Yue X, Kong F, Zhao Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2629-2639
Published Date: 3 April 2025
Mechanism of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Simiao Biejia Decoction Improves the Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Erectile Dysfunction in Rats
Liu Y, Sun D, Xing D, Rui Y, Jin Y, Wang P, Cai B, Li C, Gao C, Cui Y, Jin B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2609-2628
Published Date: 3 April 2025
The Changing Landscape of Heart Failure Drug Clinical Trials in China, 2013–2023
Zhang W, Zhang Y, Tang J, Wang X, Meng C, Wu J, Li J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2597-2608
Published Date: 3 April 2025
Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of DprE1 Inhibitors to Combat Tuberculosis
Wang Q, Fu H, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Xu J, Fu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2577-2596
Published Date: 3 April 2025
From Oral to Sublingual: A Redefined Avanafil Tablet with a Breakthrough in Bioavailability and First-Pass Metabolism Avoidance
Asar TO, Al-hejaili OD, El-Sawy HS, Abd-Allah FI, Omar AM, Ahmed TA, El-Say KM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2551-2576
Published Date: 3 April 2025
Inhibition of TRPM3 by Primidone Provides a Potential Therapeutic Method for Adenomyosis Management
Jin Z, Peng Y, Zhang H, He X, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li M, Yang Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2533-2549
Published Date: 2 April 2025

Rho Kinase Inhibitors in Glaucoma Management: Current Perspectives and Future Directions
Chatzimichail E, Christodoulaki E, Konstas PAG, Tsiropoulos GN, Amaxilati E, Gugleta K, Gatzioufas Z, Panos GD
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2519-2531
Published Date: 2 April 2025
The Jieduan-Niwan Formula Reduces Inflammatory Responses in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Rats by Inhibiting HMGB1-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis
Hou W, Fang P, Liang J, Wei X, Ma C, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Li J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2503-2517
Published Date: 2 April 2025
Ginkgolide B Inhibits EMT and Promotes Pyroptosis in Gastric Cancer via AKT/mTOR Pathway
Lu X, Zhang Y, Wang R, Li Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2491-2502
Published Date: 2 April 2025
A Progesterone Microneedle Patch for Self-Administration in the Prevention of Preterm Birth in a Mouse Model
Yu H, Zhu W, Yuan Z, Feng S, Huang H, Yan P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2473-2490
Published Date: 1 April 2025
Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treating Multi-Organ Damage in Wilson’s Disease
Chen H, Wang X, Tang L, Pu Y, Ma Y, Ye H, Zhang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2453-2471
Published Date: 1 April 2025
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Hydroxytyrosol Derivatives as Protectors for Vascular Endothelium Against Lipid Overload
Hou XX, Wang S, Ma XX, Wen Y, Li ZJ, Liu XY, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Qin XY
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2433-2452
Published Date: 1 April 2025

Curcumin Analog J7 Attenuates Liver Fibrosis and Metabolic Dysregulation in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes via Modulation of TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB/BCL-2/BAX Pathways
Ma J, Chen W, Vaishnani DK, Wang C, Xue S, Yang Q, Tong Y, Lei N, Zhao Z, Ying F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2411-2432
Published Date: 1 April 2025
Jiawei Erzhiwan Ameliorates Androgenetic Alopecia by Regulating the SIRT1/JNK/p38 MAPK Pathway
Huang Z, Li Y, Xie Y, Fu H, Weng Z, Yuan J, Wu L, Lin W, Cao Y, Ding B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2393-2409
Published Date: 1 April 2025
The Mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction Suppresses Gastric Cancer Metastasis via the m6A Methyltransferase METTL14 Based on Untargeted Metabolomics Studies and Network Pharmacology Analysis
Li X, Zhao L, Wang J, Ma T, Zhou J, Bian Y, Guo J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2369-2392
Published Date: 31 March 2025
pH-Sensitive Porphyrin Metal-Organic Frameworks for Controlled Delivery of Para-Toluenesulfonamide and Photodynamic Cancer Therapy
Zhou W, Feng F, Zhang J, Cao S, Zhou Y, Li Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2351-2368
Published Date: 1 April 2025
Global Research Status of Maca (Lepidium Meyenii Walp.): A Bibliometric Analysis of Hotspots, Bursts, and Trends
Li K, Zhao C, Dang M, Ren R, Fu M, Bai Y, Wang J, Zhang Q, Luan F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2329-2349
Published Date: 27 March 2025
S-Ketamine Reduces the Risk of Rebound Pain in Patients Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Li Q, Tian S, Zhang L, Chai D, Liu J, Sheng F, Jiang X, Feng W, Zhao Y, Zhu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2315-2327
Published Date: 27 March 2025
Therapeutics for Sarcopenia and Functional Disabilities in Older Adults: A Review of Phase 4 Clinical Trials
Alorfi NM, Alshehri FS, Ashour AM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2307-2314
Published Date: 27 March 2025
Buyang Huanwu Decoction Alleviates Ischemic Stroke Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via the Nrf2/GPX4 Pathway
Huang H, Liu S, Wu J, Zhu J, Xu J, Yu S, Bei L, Zhang B, Luo Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2285-2305
Published Date: 27 March 2025

Screening of Covalent Kinase Inhibitors Yields Hits for Cysteine Protease USP7 / HAUSP
Ernst LN, Jaag SJ, Wydra VR, Masberg B, Knappe C, Gerstenecker S, Serafim RAM, Liang XJ, Seidler NJ, Lämmerhofer M, Gehringer M, Boeckler FM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2253-2284
Published Date: 25 March 2025
An Open-Label, Single and Multiple Dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Fezolinetant in Healthy Chinese Female Subjects
Li Y, Liu Y, Iwai M, Takeuchi M, Song N, Li Y, Shi A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2243-2252
Published Date: 26 March 2025
External Validation of a Pharmacokinetic Model Developed for Vancomycin Administration via Target-Controlled Infusion
Yi JM, Kim KM, Lee HJ, Hong SK, Choi BM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2229-2241
Published Date: 24 March 2025
An Updated Review of Molecular Mechanisms Implicated with the Anticancer Potential of Diosgenin and Its Nanoformulations
Pandey P, Ramniwas S, Baldaniya L, Lakhanpal S, Mahmood D, Chaudhary K, Pandey S, Choi M, Choi J, Kim HJ, Ahn CH, Park MN, Khan F, Kim B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2205-2227
Published Date: 24 March 2025
Quercetin Improves Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Depression by Regulating the Level of Let-7e-5p in Microglia Exosomes
Xie Y, Ouyang T, Xu A, Bian Q, Zhu B, Zhao M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2189-2203
Published Date: 24 March 2025
MK-4 Ameliorates Diabetic Osteoporosis in Angiogenesis-Dependent Bone Formation by Promoting Mitophagy in Endothelial Cells
Ding F, Zhang W, Liu T, Rong X, Cui Y, Meng L, Wang L, Liu B, Li M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2173-2188
Published Date: 25 March 2025
Caffeic Acid Protects Against Ulcerative Colitis via Inhibiting Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Immune Overactivation in Drosophila
Xiu M, Li B, He L, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Liu Y, Wang N, He J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2157-2172
Published Date: 22 March 2025
Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in Alzheimer’s Disease: Insights From Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Qin G, Song R, Sun J, Dai J, Wang W, Meng F, Wang D, Liu Z, Sun B, Li C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2133-2155
Published Date: 21 March 2025
Population Pharmacokinetic of Epidural Sufentanil in Labouring Women: A Multicentric, Prospective, Observational Study [Corrigendum]
Nie Y, Sun X, Cao R, Tang S, Zhou Q, Zhou M, Chen Z, Huang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2131-2132
Published Date: 20 March 2025
Deciphering the Pharmacological Potential of Kouqiangjie Formula for the Treatment of Diabetic Periodontitis Based on Network Pharmacology, Machine Learning, Molecular Dynamics, and Animal Experiments
Wu Y, Li J, Liu M, Gao R, Li H, Xie Y, Hu Q, Wei J, Zhao L, Li L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2103-2129
Published Date: 20 March 2025
Mannosamine-Engineered Nanoparticles for Precision Rifapentine Delivery to Macrophages: Advancing Targeted Therapy Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Luan H, Peng C, Yasin P, Shang Q, Xiang W, Song X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2081-2102
Published Date: 19 March 2025
Novel AP39-Loaded Liposomes Sustain the Release of Hydrogen Sulphide, Enhance Blood-Brain Barrier Permeation, and Abrogate Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Brain Cells
Al Tahan MA, Marwah MK, Dhaliwal M, Diaz Sanchez L, Shokr H, Kaur M, Ahmad S, Badhan RK, Dias IH, Sanchez-Aranguren L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2067-2079
Published Date: 19 March 2025
Population Pharmacokinetic of Epidural Sufentanil in Labouring Women: A Multicentric, Prospective, Observational Study [Letter]
Bu S, Wang L, Tang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2065-2066
Published Date: 18 March 2025
Development and Characterization of LasR Immobilized Monolithic Column for Screening Active Ingredients as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors Against P. aeruginosa in Natural Products
Liu Z, Yang Y, Xie X, Li R, You J, Zhao X, Wang Y, Guo J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2051-2064
Published Date: 18 March 2025
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Reveal Sishen Pill’s Efficacy in Treating NSAID-Induced Small Intestinal Ulcers
Zhou J, Zhu F, Liang H, Sun L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2035-2050
Published Date: 19 March 2025
Recent Update of Natural Compounds as HIF-1α Inhibitors in Colorectal Carcinoma
Pandey P, Lakhanpal S, Mahmood D, Baldaniya L, Kang HN, Hwang S, Kang S, Choi M, Moon S, Pandey S, Chaudhary K, Khan F, Kim B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2017-2034
Published Date: 18 March 2025
Effect of Esketamine-Based Opioid-Sparing Anesthesia Protocol on the Quality of Early Recovery After Urological Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Qi Y, Li W, Ren Y, Sun J, Zhu Y, Wang L, Zhou M, Wang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2005-2016
Published Date: 17 March 2025
Dexmedetomidine Attenuated Neuron Death, Cognitive Decline, and Anxiety-Like Behavior by Inhibiting CXCL2 in CA1 Region of AD Mice [Corrigendum]
Ma K, An C, Li M, Zhang Y, Ren M, Wei Y, Xu W, Wang R, Bai Y, Zhang H, Liu X, Ji S, Chen X, Zhu K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:2003-2004
Published Date: 17 March 2025
Saikosaponin A Mediates the Anti-Acute Myeloid Leukemia Effect via the P-JNK Signaling Pathway Induced by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Sun XH, Chai YH, Bai XT, Li HX, Yang PP, Xi YM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1983-2001
Published Date: 17 March 2025
The Opioid-Sparing Effects of Intraoperative Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine During Laparoscopic Major Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial
Wang W, Chen Y, Li G, Chen Y, Wu J, Shi Y, Zhong M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1971-1981
Published Date: 14 March 2025
Effect and Mechanism of Aloin in Ameliorating Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Li R, Wang Y, Lao Y, You C, Qing L, Guan X, Wang J, Li X, Li Q, Liu S, Dong Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1945-1969
Published Date: 14 March 2025
RET Inhibitor SPP86 is a Potential Candidate for the Clinical Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma [Response to Letter]
Zhang Y, Liu H, Wang K, Zheng J, Luan H, Xin M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1943-1944
Published Date: 15 March 2025
The Role of Radiosensitizing Drugs in Osteosarcoma Treatment: Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives
Zhang Y, Xie Y, Wang Y, Huang P, Lu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1927-1942
Published Date: 14 March 2025
Design of a Highly Active Peptide Inhibitor of Farnesyltransferase and Its Protective Effect Against Acute Liver Failure
Huang CL, Qu HS, Li AL, Ying CQ, Shao H, Tang YZ, Chen HZ, Tung TH, Zhu JS
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1909-1926
Published Date: 13 March 2025
Tubeimoside I Inhibits the Proliferation of Liver Cancer Through Inactivating NF-κB Pathway by Regulating TNFAIP3 Expression
Zhang Y, Zhou M, Zhu L, Chen L, Zhang H, Huang Z, Zhou H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1895-1908
Published Date: 13 March 2025
Gut-Brain Axis-Based Polygala Tenuifolia and Magnolia Officinalis Improve D-gal-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice Through cAMP and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Yang D, Li W, Chen Q, Liu S, Peng C, Deng F, Meng Y, Yang Y, Yan P, Ao H, Huang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1869-1894
Published Date: 13 March 2025
Bioequivalence Study of Single-Pill Capsule Formulation of Amlodipine Plus Benazepril in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fasting and Fed Conditions
Song H, Qiu B, Sun X, Guo C, Hu Y, Dong Z, Liu Y, Bai W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1853-1868
Published Date: 13 March 2025
A Mechanistic Study of the Feasibility of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Colon Adenocarcinoma
Liu S, Zhou M, Huang X, Chen P, Li Q, Wang Y, Ge X, Wang F, Xu J, Gu J, Miao L, Deng X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1839-1852
Published Date: 12 March 2025
Analgesic Efficacy of Thoracoscopic Direct-View Versus Ultrasound-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Multi-Port Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lung Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Study
Tong Y, Wu J, Wu X, Mo Y, Wang F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1825-1838
Published Date: 12 March 2025
Platycodin D Enhances Glioma Sensitivity to Temozolomide by Inhibition of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Li H, Ouyang J, Wang X, Qian C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1811-1824
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Response to Professor Hu Jinyu’s Letter [Response to Letter]
Kang X, Jin D, Ji H, An X, Zhang Y, Duan L, Yang C, Zhou R, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Jiang L, Lian F, Tong X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1809-1810
Published Date: 12 March 2025
Enhancing Diabetes Treatment: Comparing Pioglitazone/Metformin with Dapagliflozin Versus Basal Insulin/Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes
Lin Y, Shi J, Yu X, Sun J, Lixia S, Dou J, Zhang M, Li X, Tian Z, Deng H, Feng B, Su Q, Peng Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1795-1808
Published Date: 12 March 2025
A Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics of BGT-002, a Novel ATP-Citrate Lyase Inhibitor, in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Liu Y, Yu C, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Wang Y, Qian H, Liang L, Liu Y, Chen Q, Jia J, Yan S, Lai X, Li W, Li J, Zhang Y, Nan F, Yu C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1783-1794
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation on Potential Application of Diabetic Wound Healing of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Through Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 And 9 (MMP-8 And MMP-9)
Akter S, Ahmad SU, Bhuiyan MA, Dewan I, Reza R, Morshed N, Samdani MN, Reza MS, Kumer A, Naina Mohamed I
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1753-1782
Published Date: 12 March 2025
Comparison of Preoperative Topical Magnesium Sulfate Spraying and Magnesium Sulfate Gargling for the Prevention of Postoperative Sore Throat after Tracheal Intubation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority Trial
Wang L, Liu Y, Li F, Qiu Q, Xiong X, Wang G
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1741-1752
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Regulation and Function of the cGAS-STING Pathway: Mechanisms, Post-Translational Modifications, and Therapeutic Potential in Immunotherapy
Chen Y, Yue S, Yu L, Cao J, Liu Y, Deng A, Lu Y, Yang J, Li H, Du J, Xia J, Li Y, Xia Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1721-1739
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Research Trends of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis
Chang X, Wang C, Zhang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1703-1719
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Exploring Mechanisms of Lang Qing Ata in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Based on Metabolomics, Network Pharmacological Analysis, and Experimental Validation
Li S, Zhu H, Zhai Q, Hou Y, Yang Y, Lan H, Jiang M, Xuan J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1681-1701
Published Date: 11 March 2025
The Effects of Different Ciprofol Doses on Hemodynamics During Anesthesia Induction in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study
Zhou Y, Liu Z, Li Q, Ni P, Li Z, Yu B, Zhang M, Yang J, Xie Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1671-1679
Published Date: 11 March 2025
Medication Safety in Intravenous Therapy: Compatibility of Etoposide With Frequently Drugs Used in Tumour Critical Care During Simulated Y-Site Administration [Corrigendum]
Ding H, Tong T, Liu S, Tang L, Chen Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1669-1670
Published Date: 11 March 2025
A Systematic Review of Mechanisms, Incidence, and Management of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Induced ILD/Pneumonitis in Solid Tumors
Liao D, Zhang J, Yan T, Chen Y, Fu Y, Xie N, Long M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1655-1668
Published Date: 8 March 2025
Clinical Analysis and Network Pharmacology in Revealing the Mechanism of Daifu Decoction on the Relapse of UC
Zhao Y, Cui D, Xiao Y, Han X, Jiang M, Gong Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1629-1653
Published Date: 7 March 2025
Comment on the Use of Gegen Qinlian Decoction to Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [Letter]
Hu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1627-1628
Published Date: 6 March 2025
Vaccarin Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Signaling Pathway
Cui M, Xu Q, Duan L, Lu J, Hu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1609-1626
Published Date: 6 March 2025
Specnuezhenide Alleviates Senile Osteoporosis by Activating TGR5/FXR Signaling in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and RANKL-Induced Osteoclasts
Deng X, Lin B, Xiao W, Wang F, Xu P, Wang N
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1595-1608
Published Date: 6 March 2025
Potential of Polydatin Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: New Insights from Pharmacological-Pathological Mechanism Associations
Sun Z, Wang X, Pang X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1585-1594
Published Date: 6 March 2025
Dose-Response Study of Remimazolam Combined With Remifentanil for Attenuating Stress Response During Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in Elderly Female Patients: A Prospective Double-Blinded Study
Xu Q, Qian J, Zhang SQ, Xia F, Hu HJ, Xiao F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1575-1583
Published Date: 5 March 2025
Protective Effects of Bosentan via Endothelin Receptor Antagonism in Experimental Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Lower Limb of Rats
Demirtaş H, Özer A, Gülcan MB, Yığman Z, Küçük A, Tekin E, Ünal Y, Dursun AD, Dağlı A, Arslan M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1561-1573
Published Date: 6 March 2025
FoxO1 as a Hub in Immunosenescence Induced by Hepatocellular Carcinoma and the Effect of Yangyin Fuzheng Jiedu Prescription
Xie Y, Yan F, Liu X, Yu L, Yan H, Shang Z, Kong Y, Yang Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1543-1560
Published Date: 5 March 2025
Association of NR1I2 Polymorphism with Midazolam Clearance in Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients: A Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacogenetic Study
Xie H, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Guo Y, Liu M, Weng Q, Wu X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1527-1541
Published Date: 4 March 2025
Crop Wild Relatives (CWRs) in the United Arab Emirates: Resources for Climate Resilience and Their Potential Medicinal Applications
Manoharan R, Nair CS, Nishanth D, Subramanian R, Xie X, Ren M, Jaleel A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1515-1525
Published Date: 3 March 2025
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability of Milvexian in Healthy Chinese Adults
Luo Z, Wang J, Niu Z, Hu C, Chintala M, Luo X, Lee TI, Plotnikov AN, Zannikos P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1503-1514
Published Date: 1 March 2025
Mogrol Regulates the Expression of ATPase Na+/K+ Transport Subunit 3, Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis, and Plays a Protective Role Against Myocardial Infarction
Wang F, Zhou J, Liu W, Wang W, Tian B, Liu J, Zhang H, He P, Yang X, Yang L, Wang Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1489-1502
Published Date: 2 March 2025
LncRNA MALAT1/Calpain-1 Axis in ATO Induced hERG Channel Deficiency
Yan C, Li Y, Li X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Sun J, Ding Q, Zhao X, Li B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1475-1487
Published Date: 28 February 2025
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification: Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex-Cnidii Fructus Herb Pair Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway
Liu X, Chen L, Sun P, Jiang X, Li P, Xu Z, Zhan Z, Wang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1451-1474
Published Date: 28 February 2025
Tempol Mitigates Methotrexate-Induced Osteotoxicity via Oxidative Stress Modulation and MAPK Pathway Inhibition
Selimli F, Taş Reyhanioğlu M, Haskan AC, Altun MS, Mete S, Kaplan HM
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1441-1449
Published Date: 28 February 2025

Efficacy and Safety of Colquhounia Root Tablet for Chronic Glomerulopathy: A Real-World Survey With Bioinformatics Insights
Liu H, Yan H, Li Y, Yao Y, Zhang C, Xiong J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1421-1440
Published Date: 28 February 2025
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Cyclopropanesulfonamide Derivatives for the Treatment of EGFRC797S Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Wang M, Xia Z, Nie W, Wang C, Nie H, Zhang S, Qiu J, Yang Y, Yao C, Xu L, An B
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1403-1420
Published Date: 27 February 2025
Effect of Fentanyl on Remimazolam-Induced Sedation in Female Patients Undergoing Hysteroscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Huang XD, Xu L, Zheng CH, Chen MM, Shou HY, Zhou ZF
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1393-1401
Published Date: 27 February 2025
Benzbromarone Analog SAR: Potent hURAT1 (SLC22A12) Inhibitors and Drug Transporter Interaction Studies
Jutabha P, Kumar V, Anzai N, Rice PJ, Lightner JW, Endou H, Wempe MF
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1377-1392
Published Date: 26 February 2025
The Roles of Forkhead Box O3a (FOXO3a) in Bone and Cartilage Diseases – A Narrative Review
Wu Z, Zhan W, Wu L, Yu L, Xie X, Yu F, Kong W, Bi S, Liu S, Yin G, Zhou J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1357-1375
Published Date: 27 February 2025

A Comparison of the Effects of Sevoflurane, Propofol, and Propofol Combined with Butorphanol in Suppressing Sufentanil-Induced cough—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Ji H, Zhang F, Yang M, Xu X, Sun Y, Xia X, Li Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1347-1355
Published Date: 25 February 2025
Melatonin Exerts Positive Effects on Sepsis Through Various Beneficial Mechanisms
Xu J, Liang C, Yao S, Wang F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1333-1345
Published Date: 25 February 2025
Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Premedication on Sufentanil Median Effective Concentration During Tracheal Intubation in Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study
Zeng Q, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Su H, Tu F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1323-1332
Published Date: 24 February 2025
A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Oliceridine Research (2013–2024)
Song C, Huang X, Chen N, Song Q, Qiu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1305-1321
Published Date: 24 February 2025
Ginsenoside Reshapes Intestinal Microecology to Alleviate Microgravity Stress
Wang Y, Chen T, Shi Z, Dong L, Li M, Peng B, Li Q, Pan R, Xiao S, Yang Q, Jiang N, Liu X, Hu Q, Chen Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1289-1303
Published Date: 24 February 2025
Cordycepin Ameliorates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission
Sun Y, Jin S, Chen J, Zhang J, Lu Y, Gu Q, Yan Z, Chen W, Chen A, Fang Y, Geng W, Xu X, Song N
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1271-1287
Published Date: 24 February 2025
SHR-1916: A Novel PEGylated Interleukin-2 Analogue with Altered Cellular Selectivity and Improved Pharmacokinetic Profiles for Cancer Immunotherapy
Kong X, Lin Y, Ouyang C, Chen H, Gao X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1251-1270
Published Date: 24 February 2025
RET Inhibitor SPP86 Is a Potential Candidate for the Clinical Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma [Letter]
Tan Y, Li R
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1249-1250
Published Date: 21 February 2025
Health Technology Assessment: Evaluation of 8 CGRP-Targeted Therapy Drugs for the Treatment of Migraine
Li M, Huang S, Li J, Hu X, Chen J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1231-1247
Published Date: 19 February 2025
Metabolomic Analysis, Antiproliferative, Anti-Migratory, and Anti-Invasive Potential of Amlodipine in Lung Cancer Cells
Alqudah MAY, Yaseen MM, Alzoubi KH, Al-Husein BA, Bardaweel SK, Abuhelwa AY, Semreen AM, Zenati RA, El-Awady R, Shara M, Bustanji Y, Soares NC, Abu-Gharbieh E, Ramadan WS, Semreen MH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1215-1229
Published Date: 19 February 2025

Comprehensive Bioactive Compound Profiling of Artocarpus heterophyllus Leaves: LC-MS/MS Analysis, Antioxidant Potential, and Molecular Insights


Yuniarti L, Fakih TM, Tejasari M, Indriyanti RA, Maryam E, Nugroho BH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1195-1213
Published Date: 18 February 2025
Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine Attenuates the Dose Requirement of Propofol for Suppression of Body Movement in Patients Undergoing Operative Hysteroscopy
Zhang XF, Xiao F, Lou YY, Wu KW, Qian J, Zhu GW
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1185-1193
Published Date: 18 February 2025
Recent Advances in Propranolol Hydrochloride Formulations for the Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas
Ren L, Xu X, Liu X, Ning H, Ding Q, Yang M, Liang T
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1163-1183
Published Date: 18 February 2025
Medication Safety in Intravenous Therapy: Compatibility of Etoposide with Frequently Drugs Used in Tumour Critical Care During Simulated Y-Site Administration
Ding H, Tong T, Liu S, Tang L, Chen Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1147-1161
Published Date: 18 February 2025
The Clinical Research Landscape of Intracranial Nicardipine for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Insights From Bibliometric Analysis
Chen G, Cao Y, Du X, Cui J, Zeng X, Yang H, Ren Z, Xu K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1129-1146
Published Date: 19 February 2025
Lenvatinib Monotherapy Versus Lenvatinib in Combination with PD-1 Blockades as Re-Challenging Treatment for Patients with Metastatic Osteosarcoma: A Real-World Study
Song G, Tang Q, Lu J, Xu H, Wang A, Deng C, Wu H, Hu J, Zhu X, Wang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1119-1128
Published Date: 18 February 2025
Population Pharmacokinetics of Prolonged Infusion for Meropenem: Tailoring Dosing Recommendations for Chinese Critically Ill Patients on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with Consideration for Renal Function
Peng Y, Liu Y, Cheng Z, Zhang Q, Xie F, Zhu S, Li S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1105-1117
Published Date: 17 February 2025
Combining Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation to Explore the Effects and Mechanisms of Indirubin on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Jin L, Guan Y, Li X, Wang M, Shen Y, Wang N, He Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1083-1103
Published Date: 18 February 2025
Irisin Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Modulation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 Pathway
Zhang Z, Yu X, Li J, Shen X, Fu W, Liu Y, Dong X, Wang Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1067-1081
Published Date: 15 February 2025
Dynamic Visualization of Computer-Aided Peptide Design for Cancer Therapeutics
Hou D, Zhou H, Tang Y, Liu Z, Su L, Guo J, Pathak JL, Wu L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1043-1065
Published Date: 15 February 2025
NLRP3 Inflammasome Targeting Offers a Novel Therapeutic Paradigm for Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Injury
Jin Y, Fleishman JS, Ma Y, Jing X, Guo Q, Shang W, Wang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1025-1041
Published Date: 14 February 2025
Lipid Nanovesicles in Cancer Treatment: Improving Targeting and Stability of Antisense Oligonucleotides
Ding HY, Zhou H, Jiang Y, Chen SS, Wu XX, Li Y, Luo J, Zhang PF, Ding YN
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1001-1023
Published Date: 14 February 2025
Identification of Key Genes in Esketamine’s Therapeutic Effects on Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders via Transcriptome Sequencing
Hu W, Luo J, Li H, Luo Y, Zhang X, Wu Z, Yang Q, Zhao S, Hu B, Zou X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:981-1000
Published Date: 14 February 2025
Population Pharmacokinetic of Epidural Sufentanil in Labouring Women: A Multicentric, Prospective, Observational Study
Nie Y, Sun X, Cao R, Tang S, Zhou Q, Zhou M, Chen Z, Huang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:971-980
Published Date: 12 February 2025
Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Acid-Suppressing Drugs by UPLC-MS/MS Method and Application for Pharmacokinetics Study
Li X, Liu S, Yu M, Xi W, Wu X, Liu D, Liu A, Wang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:955-969
Published Date: 11 February 2025
Determination of the MEC90 of Oxycodone for Preventing Perioperative Shivering in Pregnant Patients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery with Neuraxial Anaesthesia: A Biased-Coin up-and-Down Sequential Allocation Trial
Lu X, Chen K, Xuan Y, Shen M, Lei W, Huang Y, Sun J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:945-954
Published Date: 11 February 2025
Effects of Ciprofol and Propofol General Anesthesia on Postoperative Recovery Quality in Patients Undergoing Ureteroscopy: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Shi S, Wu J, Wu Y, Han X, Dai H, Chen X, Sun Z, Wang F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:931-943
Published Date: 11 February 2025
Danggui-Shaoyao-San Can Ameliorate Alzheimer’s Disease by Inhibiting Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis: Findings from Serum Pharmacology
Zhang KX, Zhang JW, Jiang YH, Wang YR, Liu ZL, Ding PL, Wang XY, Cui WQ, Xu XQ, Wang YH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:911-929
Published Date: 10 February 2025
Enteric-Coated Aspirin Induces Small Intestinal Injury via the Nrf2/Gpx4 Pathway: A Promising Model for Chronic Enteropathy
Zhang M, Xia S, Feng L, Han X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Zhao K, Guan J, Tian D, Liao J, Yu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:891-910
Published Date: 11 February 2025

Prospective Single-Arm Study of Remifentanil-Propofol Anesthesia with Manual Right Hypochondrial Compression for Painless Gastroscopy in Obese Patients
Wang M, Tang J, Pan Z, Jiang H, Hu D, Zhu B, Liang Z, Zhao X, Li Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:877-890
Published Date: 11 February 2025
Advances in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Treatment From the Perspective of the Newest Mechanisms of Podocyte Injury
Zhu Y, Xu G
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:857-875
Published Date: 7 February 2025
Cyanidin and Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Alleviate Peptic Ulcer Disease: Insights from in vitro, and in vivo Studies
Prayoga DK, Aulifa DL, Budiman A, Levita J, Jiranusornkul S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:841-856
Published Date: 7 February 2025
Vincristine Regulates C/EBP-β/TGF-β1 to Promote A1 Astrocyte Polarization and Induce Neuropathic Pain
Chen Y, Tang G, Lu J, Tang S, Xiong X, Chen C, Pei L, Shi J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:827-840
Published Date: 7 February 2025
A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Dose-Response Trial of Muvz™ for Knee and Low-Back Support in Physically Active Adults
Kalman D, Srivastava S, Desale A, Chatte Snr MD, Nalavade RJ, Shah Snr KM, Karvir S, Bhasale S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:811-825
Published Date: 6 February 2025
Asiaticoside Attenuates Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Hippocampal CA1 Neuronal Ferroptosis via Activating BDNF/Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway
Zhou A, Feng HY, Fan CN, Wang J, Yuan ZY, Xu GH, Li CF, Huang WF, Yi LT
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:793-810
Published Date: 5 February 2025
Metagenomic Sequencing Combined with Metabolomics to Explore Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Changes in Mice with Acute Myocardial Infarction and the Potential Mechanism of Allicin
Gao Y, Qin G, Liang S, Yin J, Wang B, Jiang H, Liu M, Luo F, Li X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:771-791
Published Date: 3 February 2025
Intranasal Insulin Diminishes Postoperative Delirium and Elevated Osteocalcin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Older Patients Undergoing Joint Replacement: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Yang M, Zhou L, Long G, Liu X, Ouyang W, Xie C, He X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:759-769
Published Date: 1 February 2025
Puerarin Ameliorates the Ferroptosis in Diabetic Liver Injure Through the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Inhibition Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Fan X, Liu S, Yu J, Hua J, Feng Y, Wang Z, Shen Y, Lan W, Wang J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:737-757
Published Date: 1 February 2025
Oleanolic Acid Cubic Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle-Based Thermosensitive Gel Attenuates Depression Symptoms in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rats
Shi Z, Wang Q, Li Q, Jia F, Xu W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:715-736
Published Date: 1 February 2025

Bimatoprost Intracameral Implant (Durysta®): A New Era in Glaucoma Management Through Sustained-Release Innovation
Vagiakis I, Papadopoulou EP, Amaxilati E, Tsiropoulos GN, Konstas AG, Panos GD
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:703-714
Published Date: 31 January 2025
Drug Clues for the Treatment of Fungal Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection With Antifungal Lock Therapy
Li X, Yu B, Li H, Liu Z, Fu X, Jiao P, Wang L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:683-701
Published Date: 31 January 2025
Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Warfarin Dosing Algorithm for Cardiovascular Patients in Indonesia: A Tailored Method to Anticoagulation Therapy
Putriana NA, Latarissa IR, Rusdiana T, Rostinawati T, Akbar MR
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:671-681
Published Date: 29 January 2025
Peptide Design for Enhanced Anti-Melanogenesis: Optimizing Molecular Weight, Polarity, and Cyclization
Putri SA, Maharani R, Maksum IP, Siahaan TJ
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:645-670
Published Date: 27 January 2025
Serum Pharmacochemistry and Network Pharmacology Reveal Active Compounds and Mechanisms of the Huaxian Formula in Alleviating Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
Gong C, Chen J, Zou P, Fang Z, Quan L, Wang J, Yin J, Lin B, Lang J, Chen M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:627-644
Published Date: 27 January 2025
Silk Protein Gene Engineering and Its Applications: Recent Advances in Biomedicine Driven by Molecular Biotechnology
Ji X, Li Y, Wang J, Wang G, Ma B, Shi J, Cui C, Wang R
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:599-626
Published Date: 25 January 2025
Development of Chitosan-Polyacrylic Acid Complex Systems for Enhanced Oral Delivery of Lactobacillus Gasseri and Bifidobacterium Bifidum Probiotics
AL-Fawares O, Alshweiat A, Abuawad A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:585-598
Published Date: 25 January 2025
Cannabidiol Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Myocardial Injury via Activating Hippo Pathway
Dong T, Li J, Liang X, Wang W, Chen M, Yang G, Wu D
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:569-583
Published Date: 24 January 2025
Co-Delivery of Dacarbazine and miRNA 34a Combinations to Synergistically Improve Malignant Melanoma Treatments
Ding B, Li M, Zhang J, Zhang X, Gao H, Gao J, Shen C, Zhou Y, Li F, Liu A
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:553-568
Published Date: 24 January 2025
Tanshinone I Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Dermatitis by Suppressing Inflammation and Regulating Keratinocyte Differentiation
Wang Q, Luo X, Su Y, Jin Y, Kuang Q, Li S, Shen W, Zhu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:539-552
Published Date: 24 January 2025
The Effective Compound Combination of Bufei Yishen Formula III Improves the Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Inhibiting JNK/Sab Pathway in COPD Mice
Song M, Han M, Zhang H, Yang Y, Tian Y, Li J, Zhao J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:525-538
Published Date: 24 January 2025
Effects of Food on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of HA121-28 Tablet, a Novel Multi-Targeting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, in Healthy Chinese Subjects: A Phase I Clinical Trial
Liu Y, Li X, Zhang M, Men Y, Wang Y, Zhu X, Zheng L
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:515-524
Published Date: 24 January 2025
Research Progress of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment
Miao X, Zhang J, Huang W, Wang Y, Jin A, Cao J, Zhao Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:505-514
Published Date: 23 January 2025
Comparison of Effect Sevoflurane-Based Anesthesia and Propofol-Based Anesthesia on the Early Postoperative Renal Function of Living Kidney Transplant Donors: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Cai J, Kang F, Han M, Huang X, Yan W, Wan F, Li J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:491-503
Published Date: 23 January 2025
Effects of Lupeol on Intestinal Anastomosis After Experimental Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Kaya C, Kapisiz A, Eryilmaz S, Karabulut R, Turkyilmaz Z, Inan MA, Aydin GY, Celik MA, Sonmez K
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:479-490
Published Date: 23 January 2025
Clinical Efficacy Between Intravenous Paracetamol and Intravenous Fentanyl for Propofol Deep Sedation in Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Thiparporn T, Supan W, Amornyotin S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:471-478
Published Date: 23 January 2025
Exosomes in Oral Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications
Miao Q, Li S, Lyu W, Zhang J, Han Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:457-469
Published Date: 22 January 2025
Integrated Microbiome and Metabolome Analysis Reveals Correlations Between Gut Microbiota Components and Metabolic Profiles in Mice With Mitoxantrone-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Zhang Q, Liang D, Zhang C, Ye L, Sun P, Zhu H, Zhao Y, Li Y, Guan Y, Zhang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:439-455
Published Date: 22 January 2025
Effect of Esketamine on Cognitive Recovery After Propofol Sedation for Outpatient Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Liu D, Gao X, Zhuo Y, Cheng W, Yang Y, Wu X, Yang H, Yao Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:425-437
Published Date: 21 January 2025
Active Ingredients and Potential Mechanism of Additive Sishen Decoction in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Verification
Ren J, Liu Z, Qi X, Meng X, Guo L, Yu Y, Dong T, Li Q
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:405-424
Published Date: 21 January 2025
Comprehensive Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Mice Exposed to Corilagin Based on GC-MS Analysis
Xu B, Wang C, Zhu X, Zhu L, Han G, Cui C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:389-404
Published Date: 21 January 2025
Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy
Gao Y, Li L, Zhao F, Cheng Y, Jin M, Xue FS
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:369-387
Published Date: 20 January 2025
Exploring the Anti-PANoptosis Mechanism of Dachaihu Decoction Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury: Network Pharmacology, Bioinformatics, and Experimental Validation
Yang Z, Kao X, Zhang L, Huang N, Chen J, He M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:349-368
Published Date: 17 January 2025
Network Pharmacology Combined With Metabolomics Reveals the Mechanism of Yangxuerongjin Pill Against Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats
Jin R, Pei H, Yue F, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Li J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:325-347
Published Date: 16 January 2025
Huanglian Ejiao Decoction Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis in Mice Through Regulating the Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting the Ratio of Th1 and Th2 Cells
Tang J, Hu Y, Fang J, Zhu W, Xu W, Yu D, Zheng Z, Zhou Q, Fu H, Zhang W
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:303-324
Published Date: 17 January 2025
Exploring the Cardioprotective Mechanisms of Ligusticum wallichii in Myocardial Infarction Through Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Yang H, Cao J, Zhou L, Chen J, Tang J, Chen J, Yin L, Xie L, Li J, Luo J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:281-302
Published Date: 17 January 2025

Impact of Food Physical Properties on Oral Drug Absorption: A Comprehensive Review
Wang Z, Xu W, Liu D, Li X, Liu S, Wu X, Wang H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:267-280
Published Date: 16 January 2025
Advances in Selenium and Related Compounds Inhibiting Multi-Organ Fibrosis
Xiao X, Huang G, Yu X, Tan Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:251-265
Published Date: 14 January 2025
Risk Prediction of Liver Injury in Pediatric Tuberculosis Treatment: Development of an Automated Machine Learning Model
Zeng Y, Lu H, Li S, Shi QZ, Liu L, Gong YQ, Yan P
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:239-250
Published Date: 13 January 2025
Intraoperative Administration of Esketamine is Associated with Reduced Opioid Consumption After Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Huan C, Zhang T, Jiang Y, He S, Jin J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:229-238
Published Date: 13 January 2025
UPLC-MS/MS Method for Givinostat in Rat Plasma: Development, Validation, in vivo Pharmacokinetics Study and in vitro Metabolic Stability Research
Zhan R, Liu Y, Wu J, Shen Y, Xu X, Lin G, Chen X
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:219-228
Published Date: 13 January 2025
Phytosome-Enhanced Secondary Metabolites for Improved Anticancer Efficacy: Mechanisms and Bioavailability Review
Mardiana L, Milanda T, Hadisaputri YE, Chaerunisaa AY
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:201-218
Published Date: 11 January 2025
Novel Insight into the Modulatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Targeting Gut Microbiota: A Review
Ren Y, Chen G, Hong Y, Wang Q, Lan B, Huang Z
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:185-200
Published Date: 10 January 2025
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonists Combined with Hormone Replacement Therapy Significantly Improves Reproductive Outcomes for Patients with Thin Endometrium and Intramural Fibroids in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles
Wei L, Tian B, Wang S, Xu S, Zhang C
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:173-183
Published Date: 10 January 2025
Sakuranetin Prevents Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury via Nrf2-Induced Inhibition of Hepatocyte Ferroptosis
Long Z, Yu X, Li S, Cheng N, Huo C, Zhang X, Wang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:159-171
Published Date: 10 January 2025
Identification of Lauric Acid as a Potent Sodium Channel NaV1.5 Blocker from Compound Chinese Medicine Wenxin Keli
Xie W, Gao J, Liang Y, Huang C, Zhang B, Chen X, Yao X, Nan G, Wu H, Wang Y, Wu L, Wang T, Zhu Y
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:141-157
Published Date: 9 January 2025
Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the ED50 and ED95 of Sufentanil in Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia After Cesarean Section: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial
Li J, Fu W, Wang N, Zeng S, Li X, Wan J, Wang F
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:129-140
Published Date: 9 January 2025
Remimazolam Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating AKT/GSK-3β/NRF2 Pathway
Duan M, Yu N, Liu J, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Song S, Wang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:111-128
Published Date: 8 January 2025
A Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Study of Esomeprazole Comparing a Dual Delayed-Release Formulation (YYD601) to a Conventional Formulation Following Multiple Administrations in Healthy Adult Subjects
Lee HW, Kang WY, Park JS, Lee JH, Park JJ, Gwon MR, Yoon YR, Seong SJ
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:97-110
Published Date: 8 January 2025
A Review of the Therapeutic Potential of Ginseng and Its Bioactive Components in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Hao L, Li S, Li C, Zhang Z, Hu X, Yan H
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:83-96
Published Date: 8 January 2025
RET Inhibitor SPP86 Triggers Apoptosis and Activates the DNA Damage Response Through the Suppression of Autophagy and the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Melanoma Cells
Zhang Y, Liu H, Wang K, Zheng J, Luan H, Xin M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:67-82
Published Date: 7 January 2025
Potential Cardiovascular Risks Associated with Naltrexone-Bupropion Treatment in Overweight Patients [Response to Letter]
Lyu YS, Ahn H, Hong S, Park CY
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:65-66
Published Date: 6 January 2025
Scutellarein Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth by Targeting the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB Pathway
Shi Y, Tang Y, Sun Z, Sui P, Shao Y, Wang Z, Zhang J, Gao M
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:51-64
Published Date: 6 January 2025
Protective Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Endotoxin-Induced Neuronal Damage Through Modulating GRP78/PERK/MANF Pathway
Li Q, Zheng JW, Wang ZY, Liao SP, Zhu L, Wang X, Wan LH
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:39-50
Published Date: 10 January 2025
Evaluating Avacopan in the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Design, Development and Positioning of Therapy
van Leeuwen JR, Quartuccio L, Draibe JB, Gunnarson I, Sprangers B, Teng YKO
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:23-37
Published Date: 4 January 2025
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Two Fixed-Dose Combination Tablets of Valsartan/Amlodipine (80/5 Mg) in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Tian M, Huang J, Chen Y, Jin Q, Jiang H, Shi C, Mei J, Xu M, Yu X, Yang S
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:11-22
Published Date: 3 January 2025
Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol for Anesthesia in Painless Colonoscopy with Varying Body Mass Indices Patients: A Prospective, Single-Center, Observational Study
Li Y, Yuan M, Zhang P, Zhou T, Zhang M, Xu J
Drug Design, Development and Therapy 2025, 19:1-9
Published Date: 3 January 2025